Indonesia Posts $41.05 Billion Trade Surplus in 2025 as Non-Oil Exports Offset Energy Deficit

JAKARTA, Investortrust.id — Indonesia records a trade surplus of $41.05 billion in 2025 in Jakarta as strong non-oil and gas exports more than offset a persistent deficit in the energy sector, marking the country’s 68th consecutive month of surplus since May 2020, according to official data released Monday.

The surplus for January through December 2025 rose by $9.72 billion from the same period in 2024, data from Badan Pusat Statistik showed.

“We see a fairly strong improvement, with the January to December 2025 surplus higher than in January to December 2024,” said Ateng Hartono, deputy for distribution and services at the statistics agency, during a press conference in Jakarta.

The annual surplus was driven by a $60.75 billion surplus in non-oil and gas trade, while oil and gas trade continued to post a $19.7 billion deficit, reflecting Indonesia’s reliance on imported crude and refined fuel.

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Indonesia’s largest contributors to the trade surplus in 2025 included animal and vegetable fats and oils, mineral fuels, iron and steel, nickel and related products, and footwear, underscoring the continued strength of commodities and downstream manufacturing exports.

By contrast, the biggest sources of trade deficits came from cereals, optical and medical instruments, plastics and plastic products, electrical machinery, and mechanical equipment, BPS data showed.

On a monthly basis, Indonesia posted a trade surplus of $2.51 billion in December 2025, extending the long-running surplus streak. The monthly surplus was again supported by non-oil and gas trade, which recorded a surplus of $4.6 billion, driven by exports of vegetable oils, mineral fuels, and iron and steel.

Oil and gas trade, however, registered a $2.9 billion deficit in December, largely due to imports of crude oil and refined petroleum products.

From a country perspective, the largest trade surplus in 2025 was recorded with the United States, amounting to $18.11 billion, followed by India at $13.49 billion and the Philippines at $8.42 billion.

“The three largest surplus contributors were the United States, India, and the Philippines,” Ateng said.

The surplus with the United States was generated mainly by exports of electrical machinery and components, apparel and accessories, and footwear. Electrical machinery exports alone contributed a surplus of $5.09 billion, followed by apparel at $2.81 billion and footwear at $2.75 billion.

In contrast, Indonesia recorded its deepest trade deficit with China, totaling $20.5 billion in 2025, followed by Australia at $5.63 billion and Singapore at $5.47 billion.

The non-oil and gas deficit with China reached $22.17 billion, driven largely by imports of mechanical machinery, electrical equipment, and vehicles and their parts, highlighting Indonesia’s continued dependence on manufactured goods from its largest trading partner.